Noun

NOUNS

 

Nouns refer to a name of a persons, animals, places, things, ideas, or events, etc.

Nouns encompass most of the words of a language. It is also known as “Subject” in a sentence.

Noun can be a/an - 

·        PERSONS: a name for a person    - Aravind, Kalaivani,  Shaker, Gowtham, Chandra, etc.

·        ANIMALS: a name for an animal  - dog, cat, cow, kangaroo, etc.

·        BIRDS       : a name of a bird             - Eagle, Sparrow, Vulture, etc

·        TREES      : a name of a Tree            - Coconut tree, Mango tree, Neem tree, etc…

·        PLACES    : a name for a place       - London, Australia, Canada, Mumbai, etc.

·        THINGS    : a name for a thing       - bat, ball, chair, door, house, computer, etc.

·        IDEAS       : A name for an idea      - devotion, superstition, happiness, excitement, etc.

 

DIFFERENT TYPES OF NOUNS:

Proper Noun, Common Noun, Collective Noun, Material noun, Abstract Noun, Concrete noun, Countable Noun, Uncountable Noun, Compound Noun.

 

1 PROPER NOUNS:

A proper noun is a name which refers only to a single person, place, or thing and there is no common name for it. In written English, a proper noun always begins with capital letters.

EG: Kumar, Aarthi, Tiger, Neem tree, Mango, Table, Jasmine etc…

 

2 COMMON NOUNS:

A common noun is a name for something which is non specific for many things, person, or places. In other words, a common noun is a word that indicates a person, place, thing, etc In general where as a proper noun is a specific one of those.

EG: Country, City, Trees, Flowers, Fruit, Boy, Girl, etc…

We have provided below the list of common nouns under various categories such as:

·        PEOPLE    : brother, sister, mother, father, child, toddler, baby, teenager, grandfather, grandmother,                   writer, student, philosopher, teacher, minister, president, businessperson, photographer,                         salesclerk, woman, man, person, driver, officer, doctor, engineer, principal, peon, labor,                      nurse, shopkeeper, gatekeeper, sweeper, salesman, friend, boy, girl, madam, sir, etc…

 

·        PLACES    : country, city, town, village, state, building, continent, shop, restaurant, hotel, school, park,              coffee shop, zoo, water park, mall, house, college, laboratory, library, classroom, temple ,                       Railway station, Bank, etc.

 

 

·        IDEAS       : happy, sad, love, respect, honor, hate, patriotism, pride, etc.

 

·        ANIMALS: cow, buffalo, lion, tiger, dear, fish, bear, dog, goat, cat, tortoise, alligator, bird, wolf, snake,               frog, horse, ant, donkey, etc.

 

 

·        THINGS    : chair, table, truck, book, pencil, eraser, box, iPod, iPhone, computer, coat, boots, TV,                        remote, bed, fan, coaster, camera, mobile, etc.

 

·        FRUITS AND VEGETABLES: grapes, apple, guava, peach, fig, banana, apricot, lettuce, broccoli, celery,                                            carrot, spinach, cabbage, etc.

 

3 COLLECTIVE NOUNS:

A collective noun is a word for a group of things, people, or animals, etc.

EG: a Flock of birds, Committee, a board of members, Bouquet of flowers, Herd of sheep etc…

Collective nouns can be both plural and singular. However, Americans prefer to use collective nouns as singular, but both of the uses are correct in other parts of the world.

 

We have listed here collective nouns in the categorized form to be used for people, animals, birds, places, things, etc.

 

·        COLLECTIVE NOUNS USED FOR PEOPLE:

                            A class of students, a crew of sailors, a choir of singers, an army of soldiers, a band of musicians, a gang of thieves, a group of dancers, a staff of employees, a team of players, a bunch of crooks, a crowd of people or spectators, a troupe of artists or dancers, a pack of thieves, a regiment of soldiers, a panel of experts, a board of directors, an audience of listeners, a tribe of natives, a gang of laborers, a flock of tourists, etc.

 

·        COLLECTIVE NOUNS USED FOR ANIMALS:

                            A catch of fish, a flock of birds, a flight of birds, an army of ants, a haul of fish, a flock of sheep, a herd of any animal (like deer, cattle, goats, elephants, buffaloes, horse, etc), a hive of bees, a team of horses, a troop of lions, a zoo of wild animals, a pack of wolves, a litter of cubs, a host of sparrows, a kennel of dogs, a murder of crows, a team of ducks, a team of oxen, a litter of puppies or kittens, a swarm of bees (or ants, rats, flies, etc), a pack of hounds, herd of antelope, colony of ants, shrewdness of apes, tribe of baboons, flange of baboons, congress of baboons, culture of bacteria, cede of badgers, colony of badgers, sloth of bears, sleuth of bears, pack of bears (or polar bears), grist of bees, colony of beavers, lodge of beavers, flight of bees or insects, congregation of birds, Valery of birds, sedge of bitterns, herd of boar, chain of bobolinks, brace or clash of bucks, rabble of butterflies, wake of buzzards, army of caterpillars, (Clutter, pounce, glaring, doubt, nuisance, etc) of cats, drove of cattle, brood of chickens, flock of chickens, congregation of crocodiles, float of crocodiles, litter of dogs, kennel of dogs, pack of dogs, pod of dolphins, convocation of eagles, colony or knot of frogs, bury of rabbits, and so many.

 

·        COLLECTIVE NOUNS FOR THINGS:

                            A string of pearls, a library of books, a chest of drawers, a pack of cards, a bunch of keys, a group of islands, a wad of notes, a galaxy of stars, a stack of wood, a fleet of ships, an album of stamps (or autographs, photographs, etc), a hedge of bushes, a basket of fruit, a bowl of rice, a pair of shoes, a pack of lies, a range of mountains, a cloud of dust, a bouquet of flowers, a bunch of flowers, a pack of lies, a forest of trees, a bunch of grapes, Cache of jewels, a pair of shoes, a wad of notes, anthology of poems, constellation of satellites, fagot of sticks, hover of helicopters, etc.

 

4 MATERIAL NOUNS:

A material noun is the exact opposite of abstract noun. It refers to the things we see and have physical existence and shows the material which it made up of.

EG: Plastic chair, wooden table, Gold chain, plastic ball, Silver medal, etc.

 

We have listed the material nouns from various things.

·        MATERIAL NOUNS FROM NATURE         : water, air, silver, gold, iron, copper, sand, coal, rock, sunlight,                                                             rain, earth, salt, etc.

 

·        MATERIAL NOUNS FROM ANIMALS  : egg, meat, honey, milk, silk, leather, wool, etc.

 

 

·        MATERIAL NOUNS FROM PLANTS          : cotton, food, oil, wood, jute, coffee, medicine, tea, rubber,                                                                              perfume, etc.

 

·        MAN MADE MATERIAL NOUNS   : acid, alcohol, asphalt, brick, cement, butter, chalk, ghee,                                                                     cheese, Dacron, ebony, enamel, felt, gelatin, paraffin, cloth,                                                               Plastic, etc.

 

5 ABSTRACT NOUNS:

An abstract noun is a word for something that cannot be seen but is there. It has no physical existence. Generally, it refers to ideas, qualities, and conditions.

EG: Belief, Truth, lies, happiness, sorrow, time, friendship, humor, patriotism, etc.

We have provided below various examples of common abstract nouns under different categories such as:

 

·        ABSTRACT NOUNS SHOWING EMOTIONS OR FEELINGS:

                            Adoration, amazement, apprehension, clarity, anger, anxiety, delight, disbelief, excitement, fascination, despair, disappointment, friendship, grief, hate, happiness, helpfulness, misery, love, joy, pleasure, helplessness, infatuation, pain, power, relaxation, pride, satisfaction, romance, sorrow, silliness, relief, sadness, tiredness, weariness, worry, strength, surprise, peace, sympathy, wariness, uncertainty, etc.

 

·        ABSTRACT NOUNS SHOWING HUMAN QUALITIES AND CHARACTERISTICS:

                            Beauty, evil, ego, envy, elegance, enthusiasm, bravery, calm, coldness, courage, charity, curiosity, dedication, brilliance, brutality, compassion, determination, contentment, confidence, fear, honesty, generosity, honor, goodness, graciousness, hatred, humor, humility, hope, insanity, jealousy, loyalty, kindness, maturity, integrity, intelligence, patience, perseverance, tolerance, sophistication, sensitivity, sympathy, stupidity, sanity, self-control, success, deceit, skill, beauty, pain, brilliance, misery, talent, weakness, warmth, wisdom, trust, wit, etc.

 

·        ABSTRACT NOUNS SHOWING MOVEMENTS OR EVENTS:

                            Progress, trouble, education, friendship, leisure, hospitality, relaxation, etc.

·        OTHER EXAMPLES OF ABSTRACT NOUNS:

                            Communication, ability, awe, chaos, adventure, artistry, belief, comfort, consideration, death, defeat, crime, culture, customer service, deceit, democracy, dexterity, dreams, disquiet, disturbance, dictatorship, energy, failure, faithfulness, faithlessness, enhancement, faith, frailty, fragility, forgiveness, favoritism, hearsay, grace, freedom, gossip, hurt, homelessness, idea, impression, imagination, idiosyncrasy, improvement, information, inflation, justice, knowledge, laughter, luxury, law, liberty, luck, loss, motivation, life, movement, memory, mercy, need, parenthood, patriotism, opportunism, opinion, omen, opportunity, peace, principle, poverty, peculiarity, reality, redemption, refreshment, slavery, shock, riches, service, rumor, skill, sleep, sparkle, speculation, speed, thought, submission, strictness, success, unemployment, thrill, truth, unreality, wealth, victory, etc.

 

6        CONCRETE NOUNS:

Concrete noun is a noun which we can feel through our five senses such as smell, sight, hearing, touch and taste. Objects and substances which we cannot feel (see, hear, taste, touch, or smell) through our sense organs are not concrete nouns.

Majority of nouns become concrete nouns as we can feel them (such as all animals and people) through our sense organs. Concrete nouns can be of any type such as common nouns, countable nouns, proper nouns, uncountable nouns, collective nouns, etc.

EG: Pencil, computer, table, tree, rain, cookies, car, etc.

Here we have listed concrete nouns under various categories such as people, place, animals, objects, etc.

•PEOPLE    : scientist, dentist, doctor, firefighter, teacher, man, businessman, Rita, etc.

•ANIMALS : bear, deer, fish, dog, cat, gorilla, cow, buffalo, puppy, lion tiger, etc.

•PLACES    : Delhi, island, Varanasi, Lucknow, school, park, market, mountain, Turkey, etc.

•OBJECTS  : biscuit, cake, pencil, fruit, lock, keys, eraser, coffee cup, mobile, pizza, table, chair, ET

 

7 COUNTABLE NOUNS:

The nouns that can be counted are called countable nouns. It can take the articles: a, an, the.

EG: Chair, table, bat, ball, etc. (you can say 1 chair, 2 chairs, 3 chairs – so chairs are countable)

 

These  countable nouns can be classified as singular and plural nouns

I SINGULAR NOUN - Refer to one person, place things, or idea

EG: Cat, dog, ship, monkey, hero etc…

II PLURAL NOUN - Refer to more than one person, place, things, or idea

EG: Dogs, cats, ships, babies etc..

 

8 UNCOUNTABLE NOUNS:

The nouns that cannot be counted are called non-countable nouns.

EG: Water, Milk, sugar, oil, salt, etc. (you cannot say “1 water, 2 water,” because water is not countable)

 

Following are the categorized examples of uncountable noun:

•SUBJECTS                     : Hindi, French, English, chemistry, economics, mathematics, science, History, etc.

•LIQUIDS AND GASES: milk, water, coffee, tea, air, oxygen, etc.

•SOLID AND GRANULAR SUBSTANCES               : sand, wood, rice, metal, cheese, sugar, etc.

•INFORMATION AND ABSTRACT CONCEPTS: advice, information, education, intelligence, democracy, etc.

•ENERGY WORDS AND FORCES                         : electricity, heat, sunshine, radiation, magnetic

 

9 COMPOUND NOUNS:

Sometimes two or three nouns appear together, or even with other parts of speech, and create idiomatic compound nouns. Idiomatic means that those nouns behave as a unit and, to a lesser or greater degree, amount to more than the sum of their parts.

Example: School bus, Waterfalls, Swimming pool, son-in-law, snowball, mailbox, etc.

 

FUNCTIONS OF NOUNS:

Nouns can be used as a subject, a direct object, and an indirect object of a verb; as an object of a preposition; and as an adverb or adjective in sentences. Nouns can also show possession.

SUBJECT                    : The Company is doing great. Roses are the flowers of love.

DIRECT OBJECT         : I finally bought a new mobile.

INDIRECT OBJECT     : Max gave Carol another chocolate.

ADVERB                     : The train leaves today.

ADJECTIVE                 : The office building faces the mall.

POSSESSION              : The lion’s cage is dangerous. My brother’s daughter is adorable.

OBJECT OF PREPOSITION: Roses are the flowers of love.