Present Tense

 

PRESENT TENSE

 

                         Singular Number          Plural Number

1st Person          I like                              We like

2nd person         You like                         You like

3rd Person          He likes                         They like

 

 

Rules to use Present tense:

1 To express universal truths, facts, customs

2 To express habitual, routine actions.

3 To express a permanent state

4 In subordinate clauses beginning with if and when

5 To indicate a planned future action or series of actions when they refer to a journey.

6 In running commentaries.

7 To introduce quotations.

8 In imperative sentences.

9 In exclamatory sentences

 

Let us see some examples: -

(1) To express a habitual action; as,

He drinks coffee every morning.

I get up every day at six o'clock.

 

(2) To express general truths; as,

The sun sets in the west.

Sugar is sweet.

Fortune favours the brave.

 

(3) In exclamatory sentences beginning with here and there to express what is actually

taking place in the present; as,

Here comes the train!

There he goes!

 

(4) In vivid narrative, as substitute for the Simple Past; as,

Immediately the Sultan hurries to his capital.

 

(5) To express a future event that is part of a fixed timetable or fixed programme

The next flight is at 8,00 tomorrow evening.

The match starts at 9 o'clock.

The train leaves at 5.30.

When does the coffee house reopen?

 

Note also the other uses of the Simple Present Tense.

(1) It is used to introduce quotations; as,

Keats says, ‘A thing of beauty is a joy for ever’.

(2) It is used, instead of the Simple Future Tense, in clauses of time and of condition; as,

I shall wait till you finish your lunch.

If it rains, we shall get wet.

            (3) As in broadcast commentaries on sporting events, the Simple Present is used, instead

of the Present Continuous, to describe activities in progress where there is stress on the

succession of happenings rather than on the duration.