SIMPLE/COMPLEX/COMPOUND SENTENCES
• When in a sentence that has one
independent clause it is called simple sentence in other words A simple
sentence has only one clause.
• When in a sentence that has one main
clause and one or more subordinate clauses it is called a complex sentence.
• When in a sentence that has more
than one main clause it is called the compound sentence in other words A
compound sentence has two or more clauses of the equal rank.
FORMULAE TO TRANSFER
SIMPLE-COMPLEX-COMPOUND:
Rule 1:
If the simple sentence starts with the
word “in spite of (or) Despite of”, the compound sentences will be joined with
“But, Still, yet” and the complex will begin the sentence with “Although,
Though, Even though”
Examples:
SIMPLE: In spite of + verb + ing
/despite + noun
Example: in spite of / despite her
poverty, Anita stood first in examination.
COMPLEX: Though/Although/Even though
Example: Though/although/even though Anita
is poor, she stood first in examination.
COMPOUND: But/yet/still
Example: Anita is in poverty
but/yet/still she stood first in examination.
Rule 2:
If the simple sentence starts with the
phrase “in the event of”, the compound sentence will be joined by “then only”
and the complex sentence will begin with “If”.
Examples:
SIMPLE: In the event of
Example: In the event of studying hard,
you will score high marks.
COMPLEX: If……will/can
Example: If you study hard you
will/can score high marks.
COMPOUND: then only
Example: Study hard then only you can
score high marks.
Rule 3:
If the simple sentence begins with
either one of these phrases “Being/As a result of/Because of/On account
of/Owing to/Due to”, the compound sentence will be joined by “so/and
so/because” and the complex sentence will begin with “as/since”.
Examples:
SIMPLE: Being/As a result of/Because
of/On account of/Owing to/Due to
Example: Being/As a result of/Because
of/On account of/Owing to/Due to his old age, he cannot run.
COMPLEX: As/since/…. because….
Example: As/since he is old, he cannot
run
COMPOUND: So/And so/because
Example: He is old so/and so he cannot
run. {or}He cannot run because he is old.
Rule 4:
If the simple sentence starts with
“Without/In case of not….”, the compound sentence will be joined by “…must/should….
or/or else/otherwise” and the complex sentence will begin with the word
“unless”
Examples:
SIMPLE: Without/In case of not….
Example: Without/In case of not
running fast, you cannot win the race.
COMPLEX: Unless
Example: Unless you run fast you can’t
win the race.
COMPOUND: …must/should…. or/or
else/otherwise
Example: You must/should run fast
or/or else/otherwise you can’t win the race.
Rule 5:
If you find the words “…. too…to” in a
simple sentence, Replace the word “Too” with the word “very” in a compound
sentence and add “….and so…can/cannot” in the middle. In complex sentence
replace the word “too/very” with the word “so” and add “that…. can/cannot” in
the middle.
Examples:
SIMPLE: …. too…to
Example: He is too weak to run fast.
COMPLEX: ….so…that…. can/cannot
Example: He is so weak that he cannot
run fast.
COMPOUND: …. very….and so…can/cannot
Example: He is very weak and so he
cannot run fast.
Rule 6:
SIMPLE: On verb + ing
Example: On seeing the mother, the
child stopped crying.
COMPLEX: When/As soon as/No sooner
did…than
Example: when/as soon as/no sooner did
the child saw the mother, it stopped crying.
COMPOUND: …and at once/and/immediately
Example: The child saw the mother and
at once/and/immediately it stopped crying.
Rule 7:
SIMPLE: Having + past participle
Example: Having finished his work,
Ramesh went to Cinema.
COMPLEX: After…had + v3
Example: After Ramesh had finished his
work, he went to cinema.
COMPOUND: ….and then….
Example: Ramesh finished his work and
then went to cinema.
Rule 8:
SIMPLE: Besides + verb + ing/Besides +
being
Example: Besides knowing Tamil, he
knows English.
COMPLEX: 8. …not only…but also
Example: He knows not only Tamil, but
also English.
COMPOUND: …and /as well as
Example: He knows Tamil and/as well as
he knows English.